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Obesity & Metabolism

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Metabolism is a complex chemical process that keeps the body’s cells healthy and working properly. Those at metabolic risk have several factors:
  • High blood pressure
  • Lipid abnormalities
  • High blood sugar
  • Excess body weight, particularly at the waistline

A person with above conditions has Metabolic Syndrome and will more likely develop Cardiovascular Disease  or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 
People at metabolic risk can be identified with simple measurement and blood tests at their doctor visit.


Obesity is a chronic medical problem of having too much body fat content. Health care providers diagnose obesity using a number called the body mass index (BMI).  BMI is calculated from your current height and weight.
                       BMI                                  Clinical Status
                  Below 18.5                       Underweight

                  18.5-24.9                          Normal weight
                  25.0-29.9                          Overweight
                      30.0 and above                Obese

For most people, the higher their BMI, the more body fat they have. Some bodybuilders and athletes have high BMIs, but they have more muscle mass than average and are not considered obese.

Why Obesity is a clinical concern? Both overweight and obesity can make it more likely that you will develop serious complications. These problems include diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, gallstones, high cholesterol, gout, and many types of cancer. Obesity can even raises the risk of early death. Obesity also can make many other medical problems harder to treat.

What are the causes of Obesity? Obesity is very complex and not a simple problem. In general, it results from a combination of eating too much, getting too little physical activity, and genetics. Overweight or obesity occurs when, over time, the body takes in more calories than it burns. However, some people do gain weight more easily than others.

Another possible cause of obesity is a hormone imbalance, including hypothyroidism and Cushing's disease. However hormonal irregularities are rare conditions. 

Some medications may cause weight gain, such as those used to treat diabetes, psychiatric illnesses, neurologic disorders, or inflammatory conditions.  Your doctor may be able to suggest a different medication that has less effect on weight gain.

Our understanding of obesity is growing rapidly. For instance, we now know that fat cells, the gastrointestinal tract, and the brain produce many hormones that play an important role in how much you eat, how much energy (calories) you spend, and how much you will weigh.

If you suffer from weight problem or Metabolic Syndrome, you need to have evaluation for possible causes including hormonal irregularities and have a comprehensive approach to this clinical condition, which will improve the quality of life, overall well being and will prevent future health problems and complications.

Niloufar Ilani, MD Board Certified Endocrinologist                                                                                                                                   
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